I gained my Ph.D. in 2009 (cum laude) at the University of Amsterdam. In 2008-09, I was Lecturer in International History at the Department of History of the University of Sheffield, and in 2009-10, I was Post-Doctoral Research Fellow at the Centre for War Studies of University College Dublin. From 2010 to 2020, I worked at the Department of History at Utrecht University. In 2020, I was appointed Professor of Holocaust and Genocide Studies at the University of Amsterdam and the NIOD Institute for War, Holocaust, and Genocide Studies.